Causes Of Hyperdontia

Hyperdontia is a rare condition of having supernumerary teeth, that is, having additional teeth that erupt beyond the average amount of thirty-two adult teeth. These extra teeth take many forms, such as clearly tooth-like, peg-shaped, or as multiple elemental tooth structures. Both hereditary and environmental causes can result in the development of additional teeth in the mouth. Males appear to have the condition more frequently than females. Although the extra teeth do not always cause a problem for the individual, they are often removed for aesthetic reasons. Many disorders can contribute to hyperdontia. Learn about them now.

Cleidocranial Dysplasia

One condition that may result in hyperdontia is a rare disorder known as cleidocranial dysplasia, which affects the bones and teeth. Individuals who are affected by this condition may have impaired development of the collarbone, incomplete closure of the bones of the skull, osteoporosis, and problems with normal dental development. Dental issues such as delayed eruption of adult teeth, misalignment of the teeth and jaw, and extra teeth may occur. The condition may cause both multiple erupted and unerupted supernumerary teeth, and sometimes, additional teeth develop well beyond the normal age of dental development. Treatment of cleidocranial dysplasia often includes ongoing dental care.

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Fabry's Disease

Fabry's disease is a disorder caused by the GLA gene, which causes a deficiency is a necessary enzyme. Individuals with Fabry's disease may experience a variety of symptoms, such as burning sensation on the hands and feet, poor vision, hearing problems, and gastrointestinal issues. The disorder increases the risk of having a heart attack, stroke, or kidney disease. Medical management is needed to help alleviate symptoms of the disease. In addition, cysts of the mouth and hyperdontia can occur in these individuals. The extra teeth may often lead to impaction of other teeth, and ongoing dental treatment is often necessary.

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Gardner's Syndrome

Gardner's Syndrome is a hereditary disease passed from parent to child. It is a defect in the APC gene that regulates the production of certain proteins in the body. When too many of these proteins are produced, tumors of the colon, bones, and skin can occur. Supernumerary teeth, more than the normal number of adult teeth, can also occur in these individuals. As colon cancer is more common in individuals with Gardner's syndrome, polyps in the intestines must be closely monitored. Cyst and fibromas may require treatment. Dental abnormalities that occur in these patients are generally treated with ongoing care.

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Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome includes many disorders involving the connective tissue of the body. It is an inherited disorder passed from parent to child. Individuals may have the classic form of the disease, which causes fragile, stretchy skin, and overly flexible joints. Another form of the disease, the vascular type, causes distinctive facial features, such as a thin nose, small earlobes, prominent eyes, and a thin upper lip. The disease causes weakness of the blood vessels, and skin may appear very thin, with visible blood vessels under the surface and a tendency to bruise easily. Individuals with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome may have jaw or tooth problems, and hyperdontia has been found in some individuals with the condition.

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Cleft Palate And Lip

Cleft palate and cleft lip are problems that occur before a child is born. Both of these conditions affect the normal closure of the palate at the roof of the mouth or the normal folds of the upper lip. Cleft lip and palate abnormalities can occur from both genetic and environmental factors. Surgical correction is used to close the cleft in the palate or lip to provide the mouth with a normal appearance. Dental abnormalities often accompany cleft palate and lip problems and may include supernumerary teeth that may require extraction to provide the normal shaping and dentition in the mouth.