What Causes Constipation?

Certain Medications

Patients who take certain medications are at a higher risk for constipation. Opioids, sedatives, antidepressants, and medicines to reduce blood pressure can all lead to the development of either occasional or chronic constipation. For example, codeine and oxycodone are two of the opioids that have constipation as a side effect, and this symptom is also a potential side effect of antidepressants such as fluoxetine, amitriptyline, and imipramine. Blood pressure medications associated with constipation include diltiazem and nifedipine, and this side effect may also occur with iron supplements and antacids containing aluminum. Patients experiencing constipation as a result of a particular medicine should talk to their doctor about the possibility of switching to a different one. If this is not possible, patients might need to make dietary modifications or take additional medications to manage their constipation.

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