Risk Factors For Cardiovascular Syncope

Williams Syndrome

Williams syndrome patients have a greater risk of having cardiovascular syncope than those who are not affected. Williams syndrome is an uncommon disorder that causes problems with an individual's development in many parts of the body. Learning problems, distinctive facial features, blood vessel abnormalities, and cardiovascular issues are classic symptoms of Williams syndrome. Supravalvular aortic stenosis is also a common occurrence in Williams syndrome patients. With this cardiovascular problem, the aorta becomes too narrow. Long term high blood pressure has been an issue also seen in individuals affected by Williams syndrome. Both of these issues can cause further damage to the heart muscle and impair its ability to properly circulate oxygen-rich blood to the vessels that feed the tissues around the body. Blood can back up into the heart and lungs if it is not able to escape through a too narrow aorta. This mechanism can cause less blood to reach the brain, and syncope may occur.

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Abnormal Electrocardiogram

Anyone who has an abnormal electrocardiogram result has a higher probability of experiencing cardiovascular syncope. An electrocardiogram is a diagnostic test to measure the electrical activity of the heart. This test is often utilized because it is non-invasive, not extremely costly, and widely available. An electrocardiogram tells the doctor how fast the patient's heart is beating, and if their heart chambers are conducting electrical signals correctly. One abnormal electrocardiogram can be a normal deviation of the individual's heart rhythm, but several abnormal electrocardiograms can indicate a serious heart condition. Numerous defects in the shape and size of the heart can cause both an abnormal electrocardiogram and cardiovascular syncope. Imbalances in any of the minerals within the body responsible for managing the fluid levels and blood pressure can also result in cardiovascular syncope and manifest as an abnormal electrocardiogram. One of the most common causes of cardiovascular syncope is ischemia or a restriction of blood flow. Ischemia can be detected with an abnormal electrocardiogram in affected individuals. Abnormalities in heart rate and rhythm have the potential to result in cardiovascular syncope and can also show up on an electrocardiogram.

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